发布网友 发布时间:2022-04-26 19:58
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热心网友 时间:2023-10-26 13:36
非谓语动词是指由动词变化而成,仍具有动词的性质与意义,但不能作为 动词使用的词。通常有三种形式构成: 1.由“to+动词原形”而成的不定式; 2.由“动词原形+ing”而成的现在分词或动名词; 3. 由“动词原形+ed”而成的(包括动词的不规则变化)过去分词。 非谓语基本形式及在句中的成分一览表(以 do 为例) 不定式现在分词动名词 过去分 词 一 般 式 肯 定 主动 to dodoingdoing/ 般 式 定 被动 to be donebeing donebeing donedone 式 否 定 主动 not to do not doing not doing/ 定 被动 not to be done not being done not being done / 进 行 式 肯 定 主动 to be doing /// 行 式 定 被动/ 式 否 定 主动 not to be doing 被动/ 完 成 式 肯 定 主动 to have done having donehaving done / 式 被动 to have been done having been done having been done 否 定 主动 not to have done not having done not having done 被动 not to have been done not having been done not having been done 完 成 进 行 时 肯 定 主动 to have been doing 进 行 被动/ 行 时 否 定 主动 not to have been doing 被动/ 在句中成分 主语、宾 语、定语、 表语、状 语、补语、 等除谓语之 外所有成分 定语、表语、 状语、补语 定语、表 语、宾语、 主语 定语、 表语、 状语、 补语 注意:1.过去分词就是表示完成、被动的意义,不及物动词的过去分词只表示 完成。不及物动词的不定式,现在分词和动名词没有被动式。 2.非谓语的否定式都是由“not+非谓语”构成。 ·貌似分词不做主语,宾语;动名词不做状语 一、动词不定式的主要用法 1.To finish the work on time is not easy.(作主语) 注意:动词不定式作主语时,也可以用形式主语“it” , 即 It’s not easy to finish the work on time. His wish was to become a teacher.(作表语) There is nothing to worry about.(作定语) He ran to catch the bus. (作状语) I want to see the new film.(作宾语) He asked me to open the door.(作宾语补足语) 注意:①动词不定式在作 let,make,see,hear,feel,watch 等使役、感观动词的 宾语补足语时,不定式不带“to” 例:We often hear her sing in the next room. 但上述动词用于被动语态的句子中,动词不定式变成主语补足语,这时必须带 “to” 。 例:He was heard to sing in the next room every morning. ②动词不定式作宾语时,也可用形式宾语“it” 。 例:They found it impossible to get ev erything ready in time. 2.动词不定式也可以和疑问词 who,what,which,whether,when,how,where 等连 用,构成不定式短语。 How to get the tickets is a question. (作主语) I wonder which to choose. (作宾语) The question is who to send the letter. (作表语) 3.for + 名词(代词)+动词不定式的复合结构 It is important for us to learn English. (作主语) It is for you to decide. (作表语) I don’t think it good for you to leave now.(作宾语) I have bought the books for you to read.(作定语)下句(作状语) They handed in the exercises just in time for the teacher to correct. 二、分词的主要用法 分词分为现在分词和过去分词。现在分词与过去分词的区别在于:现在分 词表示主动的、正在进行的动作,而及物动词的过去分词表示已经完成且被动 的动作,不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成的意义。 Do you know the building being built down the street? (作定语) This is one of the buildings built in the 1960s.(作定语) *分词作定语可转换为定语从句 The news is surprising.(作表语) We are surprised at the news.(作表语) We heard her singing in the next room.(宾语补足语) I’m going to have my hair cut.(宾语补足语) *?宾语补足语在被动语态中就是主语补足语。 如:She can be heard singing in the next room.下句追答求采纳
热心网友 时间:2023-10-26 13:36
我能。很完整,很完整的笔记,希望您能够在比较中选择好的。待会发私信给您再联系,望采纳!!
热心网友 时间:2023-10-26 13:37
热心网友 时间:2023-10-26 13:37
最好找语法书好好看一遍,PPT不顶用的
热心网友 时间:2023-10-26 13:38
我能,我能,怎么发给你?