2011年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语(湖北卷)
一、单项填空 ( 本大题 共 10 题, 共计 10 分) 1、(1分)
“Tommy，run！Be quick！The house is on fire！”the mother shouted，with ______ clearly in her voice.
A．anger B．rudeness C．regret D．panic 2、(1分)
Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big ______，but now I know
it was the best decision I ever made.
A．project B．commitment C．competition D．ambition 3、(1分)
The old engineer's eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was ______，though slow.
A．shaky B．heavy C．casual D．steady 4、(1分)
An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person's character；however，they are not always ______.
A．practical B．avoidable C．permanent D．beneficial 5、(1分) The state-run company is required to make its accounts as ______ as possible for its
staff to monitor the use of money.
A．transparent B．reasonable C．secure D．formal 6、(1分)
Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful，but they may also ______ our thinking.
A．direct B．limit C．change D．improve 7、(1分)
The minister said，“We are ready for discussions with any legal parties，but we'll never ______ with criminals.”
A．negotiate B．quarrel C．argue D．consult 8、(1分)
Clinical evidence began to ______，suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. A．operate B．strengthen C．approve D．accumulate 9、(1分)
The government has taken measures to ______ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
A．take down B．bring down C．hand down D．tear down 10、(1分)
When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster，many teachers would prefer to see him step aside ______ younger men. A．in terms of B．in need of C．in favor of D．in praise of
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二、完形填空 ( 本大题 共 1 题, 共计 30 分) 1、(30分)
The young woman entered the pool where an injured dolphin（海豚） was swimming.Despite her fear，she felt strong wearing her new leg. In her second grade，Maja __（1）__ her cousin，Jasmina.After Jasmina's death，Maja swore she would honor the little girl by __（2）__ with a dolphin，an animal that both girls __（3）__.“Jasmina never got the chance to do it，”says Maja，now 32，“so I __（4）__ that someday I'd do it for her.” In high school，Maja was __（5）_ about sports.She even planned to become an athlete._ （6）__，in 1993，during the civil war in her home country，a bomb __（7）__ her left leg.
After two years' _（8）__ in the U．S.，Maja received her first artificial（人造的） leg，but _（9）__ it didn't fit well，walking for Maja was very painful.__ （10）__，she managed to graduate from a local high school.Then after receiving a __（11）__ from Saint Francis University，she got a job at an insurance firm and __（12）__ started her own company.
To relax，Maja _（13）__ often watch the dolphins play at an aquarium（水族馆） near her home.A young dolphin，Winter，who had lost its tail，caught her _（14）__.One day，Maja happened to see trainers _（15）__ Winter with a high-tech
tail.When they were done，Winter swam freely in the water.Maja was __（16）__.She managed to find the inventors of Winter's tail.Within ten days，she had a new leg which freed her of the __（17）__ that had troubled her for almost 16 years. Now Maja was ready to keep her __（18）_.She went to the aquarium，lowered herself into the pool and held out a hand to Winter，who approached _（19）__，then swam away.After a few minutes，the dolphin let Maja _（20）__ its back.Finally，the two began to swim around the pool together.
（1）A.lost B．visited C．rescued D．left （2）A.talking B．living C．swimming D．surfing （3）A.adored B．adopted C．possessed D．purchased （4）A.pretended B．decided C．preferred D．agreed （5）A.positive B．enthusiastic C．particular D．curious
（6）A.Undoubtedly B．Surprisingly C．Strangely D．Unfortunately （7）A.took away B．took over C．cut down D．cut out （8）A.study B．operation C．treatment D．experiment （9）A.until B．because C．although D．if
（10）A.Otherwise B．Therefore C．Besides D．However （11）A.scholarship B．degree C．prize D．notice （12）A.gradually B．actually C．eventually D．naturally （13）A.might B．should C．could D．would （14）A.eye B．leg C．nose D．hand （15）A.decorating B．guiding C．marking D．fitting （16）A.inspired B．puzzled C．shocked D．amused （17）A.worry B．sadness C．pain D．fear （18）A.appointment B．promise C．record D．habit
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（19）A.blindly B．angrily C．gratefully D．cautiously （20）A.strike B．cover C．touch D．wipe 三、阅读理解 ( 本大题 共 5 题, 共计 40 分) 1、(8分)
Honesty，my mum always used to tell me，is the best policy.Of course，this didn't include her when she told me that if I didn't eat all my vegetables Father Christmas would find out and wouldn't give me any presents.
But when it comes to medicine，I had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients.After all，the doctor-patient relationship is based on trust，and therefore honesty is essential.Or so I thought. I had just started working in geriatrics（老年病科）．Mr.McMahon was brought in when his belly was found very swollen.I took a medical history from his daughter who'd accompanied him in the ambulance.She'd been his main carer for years.I stood looking at him as she gave a detailed history.“Has he lost any weight recently？”I asked.“Well，it's funny you should mention that，but yes.”she said slowly.There was silence for a few moments.“Why？What are you worried about？”she asked.I hesitated.She was obviously very involved in his care and it was only fair that I told her the truth.“Well，we need to prove it's not cancer.”I said and talked briefly about some of the tests I was going to order.
Half an hour later，a nurse called me：“Mr.McMahon's daughter broke down—she said you told her he had cancer.”My heart sank.By the time I arrived at the ward，my consultant was already there，explaining that we still had to run lots of tests and that it was by no means confirmed that he had cancer.I stood silently at the end of the bed.My consultant was obviously angry with me and as we left Mr.McMahon，she turned to me.“Why on earth did you do that？”she asked in disbelief.I looked at her and bit my lip.“She asked me what I was worried about and I told her.”I said，hanging_my_head.“And give her more to worry about？”replied my consultant.“You don't say the word „cancer‟ until it's confirmed.Even if you suspect it，think very carefully before you tell people.”
As it turned out，it wasn't cancer.But I did learn that when someone is stressed and worried about their loved one they're sometimes selective in what they hear—and as a doctor it's important to be mindful of this.In being truthful，I'd made the situation worse.
（1）The purpose of the first two paragraphs is to show that the author ______. A．misunderstood the doctor-patient relationship
B．was anxious to receive Christmas gifts C．regarded honesty as the best policy D．had an unhealthy eating habit
（2）The author's consultant was angry with him because ______. A．he told the daughter what he suspected B．he delayed running the necessary tests C．he failed to confirm the patient's disease D．he forgot what the consultant had advised （3）The author hung his head（the underlined part in Para.4） because he was feeling
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______.
A．guilty B．hurt C．disappointed D．helpless （4）What lesson has the author learnt from his experience? A．Learning from parents is necessary. B．Jumping to a conclusion is dangerous.
C．Telling the truth may not always be the best solution. D．Selecting pleasant words may not be the perfect policy. 2、(8分)
Howling is a behaviour commonly observed among a wolf pack.As pack animals，wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling as an important means of communication among each other.There are different explanations of a wolf's howl and it appears that there may be more to discover.
One theory is that wolves howl to bond better together.It's almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together.Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together.But this theory may be wrong，explains Fred H．Harrington，a professor who studies wolf behaviour. Indeed，there have been times when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a chorus，and the next，quarreling among each other.It appears that usually the lowestranking members of the pack may actually be “punished” for joining in the chorus at times.So is howling a way to strengthen a social bond or just a way to reconfirm status among its members？—Why do wolves howl for sure? What is clear，however，is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other.Hunting grounds are distant and it happens that wolves may separate from one another at times.When this happens，howling appears to be an excellent means of gathering.
Howling，interestingly，is a contagious behaviour.When one wolf starts to howl，very likely others will follow.This is often seen to occur in the morning，as if wolves were doing some sort of “roll call” where wolves all howl together to report their presence.
（1）What is the possible similarity between wolves' howling together and humans' singing in chorus?
A．The act of calling each other. B．The sense of accomplishment. C．The act of hunting for something. D．The sense of belonging to a group.
（2）Why does Harrington think the “social bond” theory may be wrong? A．Wolves separate from each other after howling. B．Wolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.
C．Wolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together. D．Wolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus. （3）Researchers are sure that wolves often howl to ______. A．show their ranks
B．find their companions C．report the missing ones
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D．express their loneliness
（4）“Howling...is a contagious behaviour”（in the last paragraph） means ______. A．howling is a signal for hunting
B．howling is a way of communication C．howling often occurs in the morning D．howling spreads from one to another 3、(8分)
In today's throw-away society，dealing with the city's growing mountain of
waste is an increasing challenge for the city council（市议会）．
Recently，Edinburgh is faced with the problem of disposing of（处理） about 250,000 million tons of waste a year.Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green manner—largely through encouraging recycling—its aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it.
The European Union（EU） has issued a new policy，regulating how such mountains of waste are to be disposed of.The five councils（Edinburgh，East Lothian，West Lothian，Midlothian and Borders） face fines around ￡18 million a year from 2013 if they don't increase recycling levels and rely less on landfill.With this in mind，the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant（垃圾焚烧厂） to burn half of the waste produced in their districts.But this plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required that no more than 25% of the city's waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025.
After the plan was abandoned，a private company which already transported millions of tons of the city's waste by train to a landfill site near Dunbar，offered an alternative solution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello.
Since Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015，it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestion.But soon they turned it down—after 700 local objections reached them—because it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas.
That still leaves the council with a problem.By 2013，only 50% of 1995 levels of waste will be allowed to be sent to landfill.Even if recycling targets are met，there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt up.Due to this，Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to work together to build an incinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out.
（1）The main way of handling waste in a green manner in Edinburgh is ______. A．recycling B．restoring C．burying D．burning
（2）The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to ______. A．reduce the cost of burying waste B．meet the EU requirements C．speed up waste recycling D．replace landfill sites （3）The city council of Edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near Portobello because ______. A．it came from a private company B．the council was not interested in it
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C．it was not supported by EU D．the local people were against it
（4）What is the final decision of Edinburgh and Midlothian councils? A．To open a new landfill nearby.
B．To close the Powderhall landfill in 2015. C．To set up a plant for burning waste.
D．To persuade people to reduce their waste. 4、(8分)
Feeling blue about the world？“Cheer up，”says science writer Matt Ridley.“The world has never been a better place to live in，and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”
Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational，because he's carefully weighed the evidence；optimistic，because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good.And this is what he's set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book.The Rational Optimist.He views mankind as a grand enterprise that，on the whole，has done little but progress for 100,000 years.He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research. Here's how he explains his views. 1）Shopping fuels invention
It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone.Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty，our own generation has access to more nutritious food，more convenient transport，bigger houses，better cars，and，of course，more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us.This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things.The more we specialize and exchange，the better off we'll be. 2）Brilliant advances
One reason we are richer，healthier，taller，cleverer，longer-lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food，clothing，fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper.Take one example.In 1800 a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours' work.In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to pay for.In 1950 it was eight seconds.Today it's half second. 3）Let's not kill ourselves for climate change Mitigating（减轻） climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village，where the use of fossil-fuel（化石燃料） electricity is forbidden by well-meaning members of green
political movements trying to save the world，is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change.If climate change proves to be mild，but cutting carbon causes real pain，we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed
by putting a tourniquet（止血带） around our necks. （1）What is the theme of Ridley's most recent book? A．Weakness of human nature. B．Concern about climate change. C．Importance of practical thinking. D．Optimism about human progress.
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（2）How does Ridley look at shopping? A．It encourages the creation of things. B．It results in shortage of goods. C．It demands more fossil fuels. D．It causes a poverty problem.
（3）The candle and lamp example is used to show that ______. A．oil lamps give off more light than candles
B．shortening working time brings about a happier life C．advanced technology helps to produce better candles D．increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods （4）What does the last sentence of the passage imply? A．Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost. B．Overreaction to climate change may be dangerous. C．People's health is closely related to climate change. D．Careless medical treatment may cause great pain. 5、(8分)
Which are you more likely to have with you at any given moment—your cellphone or your wallet？Soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smart phone over an electronic scanner.
In January，Starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6,800 of its stores.This is the first pay-by-phone practice in the U．S.，
but we're likely to see more wireless payment alternatives as something called near field communication（NFC） gets into America's consumer electronics.Last December，some new smart phones which contain an NFC chip were introduced to the public.
Already in use in parts of Asia and Europe，NFC allows shoppers to wave their phones a few inches above a payment terminal—a contact-free system built for speed
and convenience.But before NFC becomes widely adopted in the U．S.，a few problems need to be worked out，like who will get to collect the profitable transaction（交易） fees.Although some credit card providers have been experimenting with wave-and-pay systems that use NFC-enabled credit cards，cellphone service providers
may try to muscle their way into the point-of-sale（POS） market.Three big cellphone
service providers have formed a joint venture（合资企业） that will go into operation over the next 15 months.Its goal is “to lead the U．S. payments industry from cards to mobile phones.”
The other big NFC issue，apart from how payments will be processed，is security.For instance，what's to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you？“We're still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against you in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone，”says Jimmy Shah，a mobile-security
researcher.“Users may also be able to set transaction limits，perhaps requiring a password to be entered for larger purchases.” Still uneasy about this digital-wallet business？Keep in mind that if you lose
your smart phone，it can be located on a map and remotely disabled.Plus，your phone can be password protected.Your wallet isn't.
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（1）What is predicted to happen in the U．S.? A．The expansion of cellphone companies. B．The boom of pay-by-phone business.
C．The disappearance of credit cards. D．The increase of Starbucks sales.
（2）The NFC technology can be used to ______. A．ensure the safety of shoppers B．collect transaction fees easily C．make purchase faster and simpler D．improve the quality of cellphones
（3）Three cellphone service providers form a joint venture to ______. A．strengthen their relationship
B．get a share in the payments industry C．sell more cellphones D．test the NFC technology
（4）According to the passage，what can users do if they lose their smart phones? A．Stop the functioning of their phones. B．Set up a password.
C．Get all the money out of their phones. D．Cancel large purchases.
四、汉英翻译 ( 本大题 共 10 题, 共计 20 分) 1、(1.5分)
Not until two days after the earthquake ________（她发现） her mother alive.（find） 2、(1.5分)
________（没有必要） call me when you arrive.Just come up to my house.I'll be at home all day.（there） 3、(1.5分)
It was cold and damp；the man pulled up his collar and put his hands to his ________（冻僵了的脸）．（freeze） 4、(1.5分)
________（把钥匙握在手上），he looked for them everywhere.（hold） 5、(1.5分) If ________（我没有喝） alcohol last night，I could have driven my car home.（drink） 6、(1.5分)
________（令球迷欣喜的） was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament.（delight） 7、(1.5分)
A number of paintings in this castle are believed ________（被毁掉） in a fire in 2009.（destroy） 8、(1.5分)
________（他突然想到） that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.（occur） 9、(1.5分)
Be careful！The machine starts ________（你一按） the button.（moment）
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10、(1.5分)
________（比较这两把牙刷）and you'll find the purple one is softer.（compare） 五、书面表达 ( 本大题 共 1 题, 共计 25 分) 1、(25分)
请根据以下提示，结合你校园生活中的一个事例，就与人合作这一话题，用英语写一篇短文。
Working in groups at school is an opportunity to learn more about teamwork.Teamwork shows us how other people's roles fit the purpose of the group，and it teaches us to be patient and how to respond to different people. 注意：①无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语； ②除诗歌外，文体不限； ③内容必须结合校园生活中的一个事例； ④文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称； ⑤词数为100左右。
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2011年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语(湖北卷)
一、单项填空 ( 本大题 共 10 题, 共计 10 分) 1、(1分) D
考查名词辨析。anger 生气，愤怒；rudeness粗鲁，无礼；regret后悔，遗憾；panic惊慌，惊恐。句意：“汤米，快跑，房子着火了！”母亲大声喊着，声音中透着明显的惊慌。根据句意，D项正确。 2、(1分) B
考查名词辨析。project 项目，工程；commitment信奉，交托，承诺，献身； competition比赛，竞争； ambition雄心，野心。句意：放弃工作重新接受全日制教育的确是很大的一种投入，但现在我知道这是我做的最正确的决定。根据句意，B项正确。 3、(1分) D
考查形容词辨析。shaky 摇晃的；heavy沉重的； casual随便的； steady稳定的。句意：这位年迈的工程师穿过房间，脚步很慢却步伐稳健，布满皱纹的古铜色的脸上目光炯炯。根据句意，D项符合句意。 4、(1分) C
考查形容词辨析。practical 实际的，实用的； avoidable可以避免的 ; permanent永久的，持久的； beneficial 有益的。句意：一个不幸的童年或许会对一个人的性格产生消极影响，然而这些影响也不会一直持久存在下去。根据句意，C项正确。
5、(1分) A
考查形容词辨析。transparent 透明的； reasonable合理的；secure安全的；formal正式的。句意：国有企业要求账务做得尽可能的公开透明，让全体员工都能监督资金的使用。根据句意，A项正确。 6、(1分) B
考查动词辨析。direct 指导，导演； limit限制，局限； change改变，变化； improve提高，改善。句意：若想成功，那么知识与学习就很重要，但它们或许也会限制我们的思维。根据句意，B项正确。 7、(1分) A
考查动词辨析。negotiate协商； quarrel争吵； argue争论；consult咨询，请教。句意：部长说：“我们做好准备与任何合法党派进行磋商，但我们决不会与犯罪分子进行协商。”根据句意，A项正确。 8、(1分) D
考查动词辨析。operate操作，经营，运转，动手术； strengthen 增强，加强； approve批准，赞成； accumulate积累，聚积。句意：临床证据开始累积，这表明新药
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物相比较于在动物身上进行实验得出的推测拥有更广泛的用途。根据句意，D项正确。 9、(1分) B
考查动词短语辨析。take down写下，取下； bring down降低； hand down传递； tear down拆毁，拆除，扯下。句意：政府已采取措施降低日用品的高价来维护市场的稳定。根据句意，B项正确。 10、(1分) C
考查介词短语辨析。in terms of就……而言，从……而论；in need of 需要；in favor of支持，拥护，赞成；in praise of称赞，表扬。句意：许多老师在问及对校长的评价时，都表示更愿意看到他能支持并让位于那些年纪较小者。用in favor of符合句意。
二、完形填空 ( 本大题 共 1 题, 共计 30 分) 1、(30分) （1）A
根据下文Jasmina去世，此处自然表示失去她。lose失去，丢失；visit访问，参观；rescue抢救，挽救；leave离开。 （2）C
根据第一段及下文内容可知，此处表示她们两个女孩都喜欢海豚，在Jasmina去世后，Maja发誓要与海豚共游来纪念Jasmina.swimming符合上下文语境。 （3）A
此处表示两人都喜欢海豚。adore喜欢，喜爱；adopt 采纳，收养；possess 占有，具有；purchase购买。 （4）B
现在Maja已经32岁了，回忆往事，说道Jasmina从没有机会这样去做，因此她决定有朝一日替她完成。pretend假装；decide决定；prefer更喜欢；agree同意，赞同。 （5）B
由下文Maja计划当一名运动员可知，她中学时对体育特别热爱。be enthusiastic about 对……特别热爱， 符合语境。be positive about 乐观，积极对待； be particular about 对……挑剔，讲究； be curious about对……好奇。 （6）D
此处承接上文，表示她遭遇不幸，内战期间，一颗炸弹夺去了她的左腿。unfortunately表转折意味。undoubtedly毋庸置疑；surprisingly令人吃惊地；strangely奇怪地，均不符合语境。 （7）A
根据本句意义，炸弹夺去了她的左腿。故用take away（拿走，带走）。take over接替，接管；cut down砍倒，减少；cut out切去，省略，停止，不符合上下文语境。
（8）C
由上文可知，此句表示经过在美国两年的治疗，Maja安了第一个假肢。treatment 治疗；study学习；operation手术；experiment实验。 （9）B
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承接上句，此处表示她走路感觉腿疼的原因是她安的假肢不太合适。此空处表示原因，故用because. （10）D
此处与上文表示转折关系，故用however（然而）。otherwise 否则，要不然；therefore因此，所以；besides此外，而且，不符合语境。 （11）B 根据上文，高中毕业后上了圣弗朗西斯大学并获得学位，然后在一家保险公司找了一份工作。故此处选择用degree（学位）。 （12）C
本句为并列谓语动词，承接上文获得学位，找到工作然后最终自己创业。故此处要用eventually（最后，终于），表示动作的连贯性。gradually逐渐地，强调动作历时较长，突出变化过程；actually实际，确实，强调与事实相符；naturally自然地，均不合语境。 （13）D
为了放松，Maja常到水族馆观看海豚表演。would在此处表示“过去常常”，强调过去经常进行的动作。 （14）A
catch one's eye“吸引某人眼球，引起注意”。 （15）D
有一天，Maja碰巧看到训练员给Winter安装一条高科技的尾巴，安上之后，它能自由地在水中游来游去。fit安装，符合语境。decorate装饰，装修；guide指导，导游；mark标记。 （16）A 看到这一切，她受到了鼓舞，然后找到发明这条尾巴的发明家。故用inspired（令人振奋的，鼓舞的）。puzzled迷惑的；shocked震惊的；amused开心的，好玩的。 （17）C 十天的功夫，她就拥有了一个新的假肢，使她摆脱困扰了她16年之久的疼痛。pain疼痛，痛苦，与第四段第一句话中的painful相照应。 （18）B
现在有了新的假肢，她终于可以兑现自己当年的誓言。 promise允诺，答应，誓言，与第二段中的swore（swear“发誓”的过去式）相照应。 （19）D
由下文海豚接着游走了可知，它是慢慢地小心谨慎地靠近Maja，故此处用cautiously（小心地，谨慎地）。blindly盲目地，摸索地；angrily生气地；gratefully感激地，均不符合语境。 （20）C
过了一会儿，海豚Winter游了过来，让Maja触摸它的背部，然后一同围着泳池游了起来。故此处用touch（触摸，接触）。strike敲打，打击，打动；cover覆盖；wipe擦，均不符合语境。
三、阅读理解 ( 本大题 共 5 题, 共计 40 分) 1、(8分) （1）C
细节理解题。根据开头所述作者认为诚实是很可贵的，以及第二段倒数第二句“...the doctorpatient relationship is based on trust，and therefore honesty is essential.”
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医生与病人的关系也是建立在彼此信任的基础上的，那么诚实自然是必需的。故C项正确。 （2）A
细节理解题。从倒数第二段最后两句“You don't say the word „cancer‟ until it's confirmed.Even if you suspect it，think very carefully before you tell people.”可知，她生气的原因是我没有经过确认就私自将自己的猜测告知病人家属，加重他们的担忧。故A项正确。 （3）A
推理判断题。从倒数第二段可知，作者虽然很诚实地告知病人家属自己的猜测，却给他们带来更大的痛苦，惹来更多麻烦，作者深知自己处事不妥，感到内疚。故A项正确。 （4）C 推理判断题。本文在开头前两段阐述诚实的必要和重要，但作者却通过自己的亲身经历明白一个道理，在处理医生与病人关系上实话实说未必是最好的办法。故C项正确。 2、(8分) （1）D
细节理解题。从第二段第三句“Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together.”可知，狼群嚎叫与人们合唱相似之处是能感觉到融入群体当中，故D 项正确。 （2）C
细节理解题。从第三段第一句话“...and the next，quarreling among each other.”可知有时它们嚎叫之后也会吵架。因此在Harrington看来“社会纽带”学说就站不住脚了。 （3）B
细节理解题。从倒数第二段可知当狼群相隔很远，碰巧有狼离群时，它们的嚎叫就是极好的召集办法。故B项正确。 （4）D 细节理解题。从下文的“When one wolf starts to howl，very likely others will follow.”可知， 此处表示“有感染力的，会传染的”。故D项正确。 3、(8分) （1）A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green manner—largely through encouraging recycling...”尽管有各种各样的绿色环保的方法来处理垃圾——大部分是通过垃圾回收的方式……根据文中的破折号可知，此处表示解释说明，故处理垃圾的主要的环保方法就是进行回收利用。故A项正确。 （2）B 推理判断题。根据文中第三段可知，欧盟发布新政策规定了如何处理这些成堆的垃圾。如果不能提高垃圾处理水平从而减少对垃圾填埋的依赖，那么这五个市议会从2013年开始将会面临每年高达一千八百万英镑的罚款。鉴于此，他们有了这种想法，在他们所辖地区建立一个大型垃圾焚烧厂。而下文提到当英国政府的政策有所改变之后，这项计划也失败了。故此处建立的目的是为了满足欧盟对垃圾处理的要求。故B项正确。
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（3）D
细节理解题。倒数第二段最后一句“But soon they turned it down—after 700 local objections reached them...”可知，这项提议遭到拒绝是因为当地民众的反对。故D项正确。 （4）C
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知答案。 4、(8分) （1）D
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational，because he's carefully weighed the evidence；optimistic，because that evidence shows human progress...”可知，Ridley自称是一个理性的乐观主义者，所谓理性是因为他仔细权衡证据；所谓乐观是因为这些证据表明人类进步是不可避免的，而且也是十分美好的。这就是他在近期的一本书当中以全新的视角向人们证明的主题。故D项正确。 （2）A 推理判断题。根据第一个小标题题目“Shopping fuels invention”以及其内容最后一句“The more we specialize and exchange，the better off we'll be.”可知，购物刺激发明创造，刺激消费，促进生产，这种情况越多，我们将会越富有。故A项正确。 （3）D
细节理解题。从第二个标题内容可知，我们生活远比以前富裕、健康、长寿，人也长得高了，也比以前聪明了，其中一个原因是我们人类的四种基本需求——衣、食、住、行比以前便宜了很多。因此以油灯和蜡烛为例进一步阐述，故D项正确。
（4）B
推理判断题。由文章最后一句可知，如果气候变化证明是轻微的，然而降低二氧化碳会引起麻烦，那么很可能会发现我们用止血带缠绕脖子以此止住鼻血。此处暗指对气候变化的过度反应存在危险。故B项正确。 5、(8分) （1）B
细节理解题。从第二段第二句“This is the first paybyphone practice in the U．S.，but we're likely to see more...”可知这种手机付费业务在美国将会变得越来越多。故B项正确。 （2）C
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“...NFC allows shoppers to wave their phones a few inches above a payment terminal—a contact-free system built for speed and
convenience.”可知这种近距离无线通讯技术使得购物者只需在付款终端机上方挥动手机就能完成付费。这种免于接触的系统方便快捷。故C项正确。 （3）B
推理判断题。根据第三段可知信用卡供应商开发实验NFC技术支持的信用卡，手机运营商也挤入这个POS市场来抢占市场份额，因此三大手机运营商联手组建合资企业，目的是引领美国付费业务，实现从信用卡到手机付费的转变。故B项正确。 （4）A
推理判断题。从最后一段可知，如果手机丢了，我们可以定位然后远程控制使其
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功能无法使用，另外也可采用密码保护，故A项正确。 四、汉英翻译 ( 本大题 共 10 题, 共计 20 分) 1、(1.5分) did she find
2、(1.5分) There is/will be no need to 3、(1.5分) frozen face
4、(1.5分) Holding the/his keys in the/his hand With the keys held in the/his hand The keys held in the/his hand 5、(1.5分) I had not/hadn't drunk
6、(1.5分) What delighted the fans/made the fan delighted 7、(1.5分) to have been destroyed
8、(1.5分) It（suddenly）occurred to him 9、(1.5分) the moment you press
10、(1.5分) Compare these/the two toothbrushes 五、书面表达 ( 本大题 共 1 题, 共计 25 分) 1、(25分)
Years of school life has taught me a lot of things，of which teamwork is the most important for me.
In fact，I didn't realize its importance until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school.At first，I did most of the duties myself while other students cared little about class activities.As a result，I was tired out and depressed.Then I turned to my teacher and he advised me to cooperate with others.Thus I began to recognize the strengths of my classmates and have everyone do their part in class. It is working in teams instead of on my own that has freed me of trouble and made my work more efficient.
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