专升本英语模拟题2018年(39)_真题-无答案

专升本英语模拟题2018年(39) (总分100,考试时间90分钟)

Reading Comprehension

More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third-floor window. Wear a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.

Therefore drivers or front passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you could be fined up to $50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the driver\"s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.

However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing(倒开) your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have valid (有效的) medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.

1. This passage is most probably taken from ______. A. a medical magazine B. a legal document C. the Federal Laws D. a police report

2. Wearing a seat belt in a vehicle ______. A. reduces road accidents by more than half

B. saves lives while at a speed up to 30 miles per hour C. reduces the death rate in traffic accidents D. saves more than 15,000 lives each year 3. It is the driver\"s responsibility to ______. A. make the front seat passenger wear a seat belt

B. make the front seat children under 14 wear a seat belt C. stop children riding in the front seat D. wear a seat belt each time he drives

4. According to the passage, who, riding in the front, does not have to wear a seat belt? A. Someone who is backing into a parking space.

B. Someone who is picking up the children from the local school. C. Someone who is delivering invitation letters.

D. Someone who is under 14.

5. For some people, it may be better ______. A. to wear a seat belt for health reasons B. not to wear a seat belt for health reasons

C. to get a valid medical certificate before wearing a seat belt D. to pay a fine rather than wear a seat belt

The Chinese of 3500 years ago believed that the earth was a chariot, and the sky was a curved canopy stretched above it. The canopy was nine layers thick, and it sloped slightly to the northwest, as a cataclysm had broken one of its supporting columns. This gentle slope explained the movement of the stars from east to west.

According to these ancient Chinese beliefs, the sun spent the night on earth and ascended to the sky each morning from the luminous valley of the earth by climbing the branches of an immensely tall sacred tree. To the Chinese people, the sun was the incarnation of goodness, beauty, and truth. In popular imagination, the sun was represented as a cock that little by little assumed human form. His battles with the dragons, which personified evil in their beliefs, accounted for momentary disappearances of the sun that men now call eclipses. Many of the Chinese people worshiped the sun, but in the vast **plicated organization of the Chinese gods, the sun was of only secondary importance.

Along with these unsophisticated beliefs about the sun, the Chinese evolved a science of astronomy based upon observation—though essentially religious—which enabled them to predict eclipses of the sun and the movement of the stars. Such predictions were based on calculations made by using a gnomon([天文]日晷仪指针) —an object whose shadow could be used as a measure, as with a sundial or simple shadow pointers. Moreover, with the naked eye, the Chinese observed sunspots, a phenomenon not then known to their contemporaries. 6. The ancient Chinese believed that the earth ______. A. was a chariot

B. sloped to the northwest C. was supported by columns D. had nine layers

7. To the Chinese people, the sun represented ______. A. the primary god B. evil C. goodness, beauty and truth D. combat

8. The sun\"s disappearances were thought to be caused by ______. A. fights with cocks B. fights with dragons

C. a scientific phenomenon D. eclipse

9. Ancient Chinese astronomy could be accurately described as ______. A. entirely religious in nature B. based on legendary figures C. advanced in some areas D. completely unsuccessful

10. Implied but not stated: ______.

A. The sun was worshiped by all the Chinese people

B. The sun was thought of as a cock

C. Chinese religion and astronomy were closely interrelated D. Sundials were first used by the Chinese

Acting is such an overcrowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is \"Don\"t!\" But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act, although the chances of his becoming famous are small. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama school. Usually only students who show promise and talent are accepted, and the course lasts two years. Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a **pany, usually as assistant stage manager. This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre: painting scenery, looking after the furniture, taking care of the clothes, and even acting in very small parts. It is very hard work indeed, the hours are long and the salary is tiny. But young actors with the stage in their blood are happy, waiting for the chance of work with a **pany, or perhaps in films or television.

Of course, some people have unusual chances which lead to fame and success without this long and dull training. Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory. A film producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop, as he drove past in his big car. He told the driver to stop, and he got out to speak to the girl. He asked her if she would like to go to the **pany to do a test, and at first she thought he was joking. Then she got angry and said she would call the police. It took the producer twenty minutes to tell Connie that he was serious. Then an appointment was made for her to go to **pany the next day. The test was successful. They gave her some necessary lessons and within a few weeks she was playing the leading part in a film, which made her well-known overnight throughout the country. Of course, she was given a more dramatic name, which is now world-famous. But chances like this happen once in a blue moon!

11. The main reason why young people should be discouraged from becoming actors is that ______.

A. actors are very unusual people

B. the course at the drama school lasts too long C. acting is very hard work

D. there are already too many actors

12. An assistant stage manager\"s job is difficult because he has to ______. A. do all kinds of stage work B. work for long hours

C. wait for a better opportunity D. have a talent for acting

13. \"Young actors with the stage in their blood are happy\" means ______. A. they don\"t care if their job is hard B. they like the stage naturally C. they are born happy D. they are easily satisfied

14. Connie Pratt thought the film producer was joking, for she ______. A. didn\"t know who the man was B. never wanted to become an actress C. couldn\"t believe what the man said

D. had no interest in art

15. The phrase \"once in a blue moon\" in the last sentence means ______. A. immediately B. unexpectedly C. slowly D. rarely

Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard. They were all started before the American Revolution made the thirteen colonies into states.

In the early years, these schools were much alike. Only young men attended college. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known about science then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated, most of them became ministers of teachers.

In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training in Harvard law school. In 1825, Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German, as well as Latin and Greek. Soon it began teaching American history.

As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them.

Special colleges for women were started. New state universities began to teach such subjects as farming, engineering and business. Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are divided into smaller schools that deal with special fields of learning. There is so much to learn that one kind of-school cannot offer it all. 16. The oldest university in the United States is ______. A. Dartmouth B. Columbia C. Princeton D. Harvard

17. On the whole the passage is about ______. A. how colleges have changed B. how to start a university C. the American Revolution

D. the world-famous colleges in America

18. As knowledge increased, colleges began to teach ______. A. everything that was known B. many new subjects

C. Latin, Greek and Hebrew D. French and German

19. Which statement does the passage lead you to believe? A. Every student studied Latin, Greek and Hebrew. B. The early schools are still much alike. C. There is more to learn today than in 1636.

D. They began teaching foreign languages in 1825. 20. Implied but not stated: ______.

A. Universities have changed over the years

B. Today all students study to become teachers or ministers C. All colleges and universities are the same D. They were much alike in the early years

The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.

As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, **mitment, self-improvement.

Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. **mitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.

Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night\"s sleep or a three-day vacation. I don\"t know any parent who would choose the fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.

Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.

21. According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because ______. A. he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities

B. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single C. he finds more fun in dating than in marriage

D. he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement 22. Raising children, in the author\"s opinion, is ______. A. a moral duty B. a thankless job C. a rewarding task

D. a source of inevitable pain

23. From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from ______. A. hatred B. misunderstanding C. prejudice D. ignorance

24. To understand what true happiness is one must ______. A. have as much fun as possible during one\"s lifetime B. make every effort to liberate oneself from pain C. put up with pain under all circumstances D. be able to distinguish happiness from fun 25. What is the author trying to tell us?

A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain. B. One must know how to attain happiness. C. It is important to **mitments. D. It is pain that leads to happiness.

In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child\"s acquisition(获得) of each new skill—the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feeling of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.

Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters, others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of **munity as much as the child\"s own happiness.

As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德). Also, parents should realize that \"example is better thanprecept\". If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parent\"s principles and their moral can be a dangerous disappointment. 26. Eagerly watching the child\"s acquisition of new skills ______. A. should be avoided

B. is universal among parents

C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child D. will make him lose interest in learning new things

27. In the process of children\"s learning new skills parents ______.

A. should encourage them to read before know the meaning of the words they read B. should not expect too much of them

C. should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own D. should create as many learning opportunities as possible 28. The second paragraph mainly tells us that ______. A. parents should be strict with their children

B. parents controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of **munity

C. parental restriction vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone D. parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation 29. The word \"precept\" (Line 3, Para. 3) probably means ______. A. idea B. punishment C. behavior D. instruction

30. In moral matters, parents should ______. A. observe the rules themselves

B. be aware of the marked difference between adults and children C. forbid things which have no foundation in morality D. consistently ensure the security of their children

A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable first for what it contains: the range of news from local crime to international politics, from sports to business to

fashion to science, and the range of comment and special features(特写) as well, from editorial page to feature article and interviews to criticism of books, art, theater, and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it: **pletely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in and out, glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next. A good modern newspaper offers a variety to attract many different readers, but far more than any one reader is interested in. What bring this variety together in one place is its topicality (时事性), its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. But immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient(短暂的) value. For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that day\"s paper, his own selection and sequence, his own newspaper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.

31. A modern paper is remarkable for all the following except its ______. A. wide coverage B. uniform style C. speed in reporting news D. popularity

32. According to the passage, the reasons why no two people really read the \"same\" newspaper is that ______.

A. people scan for the news they are interested in B. different people prefer different newspaper

C. people are rarely interested in the same thing of news

D. people have different views about what a good newspaper is

33. It can be concluded from the passage that newspaper readers ______. A. apply reading techniques skillfully B. jump from one newspaper to another C. appreciate the variety of a newspaper D. usually read a newspaper selectively

34. A good newspaper offers \"a variety\" to readers because ______. A. it tries to serve different readers

B. it has to cover things that happen in a certain locality C. readers are difficult to please

D. readers like to read different newspapers

35. The best title for this passage would be ______. A. The Importance of Newspaper Topicality B. The Characteristics of a good Newspaper C. The Variety of a Good Newspaper

D. Some Suggestion on How to Read a Newspaper

We have recently heard a great deal about the bad effects of computers on our social and economic institutions. In industry, computers mean automation, and automation means unemployment. The United States, with its extravagant investment in computers, is plagued (使得灾祸，烦恼) by unemployment for unskilled workers. **puters have begun to displace workers whose tasks are simple. The variety of jobs, formerly done only by humans, that the machine can perform more rapidly, accurately, and economically, increases with each new generation of computers. If we

follow this trend, say the pessimists (悲观主义者), we are faced with the prospect of mass unemployment for all but a handful of highly trained, highly intelligent professionals, who will then be more influential and overworked than they are now. Only recently a distinguished English physicist predicted that within twenty years electronic engineers might have to become conscientious objectors in order to prevent these machines from wrecking out (使遭难，破坏) social and economic institutions.

What can we do about it? It is foolish to dream of reversing history. We cannot pass laws forbidding the advancement of science and technology. **puting machines are here, and they will grow because engineers want to build them, soldiers want to enlist them in new weapon systems and politicians want their help in the process of government. In short, they will flourish because they enable us to accomplish tasks that could never before have been undertaken, no matter how many unskilled laborers we might have set to work. Computers will continue to amplify our intelligence for just the same reason that engines continue to amplify our muscles. The question we must ask is not whether we shall **puters or not **puters, but rather, since we are going to have them, how we can make the most humane and intelligent use of them. 36. The author insists that ______.

A. computers will continue to have bad effects on our social and economic institutions B. computers will continue to cause mass unemployment C. computers will lead to economic controls

D. computers will continue to flourish, but there is no cause for pessimism

37. According to the article, which of the following best characterizes the author\"s attitude towards **puter?

A. Extremely pessimistic. B. Cautiously optimistic. C. Extremely optimistic. D. Cautiously pessimistic.

38. The author suggests **puters will continue to grow and flourish because ______. A. it is foolish and impossible to reverse history

B. no laws can forbid the advancement of science and technology C. engines amplify our muscles

D. they can be and have been put to good use 39. The main idea of the last paragraph is ______. A. **puters are misleading

B. **puters have caused industrial strife

C. that we are able to build bigger and **puters

D. that we can make the most humane and intelligent use of computers

40. \"Conscientious objectors\" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ______. A. people who refuse to do something for moral reasons B. objects in the minds of the engineers

C. pessimists who find the whole situation hopeless D. machines that can **puters from ruining us